.. تجميعات ونقاط حلوة بالميدسن ..

[..iris..]

لا حول ولا قوة الا بالله

المكتوب مبين من عنوانه
فاللي عندو نقطة او معلومة حلوة وخفيفة
او تجميعة
يا ريت يشاركنا فيها

رح ابدأ أنا ولو شفت انو الموضوع عجبكم بكمل ......اوكي ؟

-----------

Obesity associated with increase prevalence of ::
O ........-> Obstructive sleep apnea
b...............................-> diabetis
e ............-> emia = hyperlipidemia
s ........................-> stones in GB
i ...........-> ischemic heart disease
t ..........-> tension = hypertension
y ...........................-> fatty liver

^^^^
فيها بعض التصريفات بس بتمشي
ض1

بانتظار مشاركاتكم
تشاو

[FireSoul]

احد قالك انك ... فله :)

[..iris..]

^^^^^
انت
:)
----------
بملزمة الد.بندر ( الله يوفقه دنيا واخرة ) في كثير تجميعات حلوة ما تنسو تشوفوها
وهي وحدة من عندي:

causes of hemoptysis ::
(( B capptl B))
B ................-> Bronchial carcinoma
c ...................-> cystic fibrosis
a ..........................-> alveolitis
p .......................-> pneumonia
p ..........-> pulmonary infarction
t ..................................-> TB
l ................-> left heart failure
B .......................-> Bronchiectasis


يتبع ....
وينتظر ....

[FireSoul]

احم احم .. هافتح الدفتر السحري ...
social history = Chapters
Company
alcohol
pets
Travel
Education
Residancy
Sexual partnels

شكرا لإيرفلاستنج .. لانه قالها لنا من مصادره الغريبه ..

[..iris..]

where is the ((H))l??

[426]

habits ..........

[Blue]

Nice idea iris, thank u alooot
and i wish the best 4 u
:)

hmmmm someone told SOCRATS to memory the 10 points need to ask about Pain.

S= Site
O= Onset & Pattern
C= Character
R= Radiation
A= Associated , Aggravation & relieving factors
T= Time course
S= Severity



GoOd Luck

[Blue]

sorrrrrry


to memorize

shame on me
:(

[..iris..]

Lingula in the left lung meets ........... in the right lung




the middle lobe

[FireSoul]

yup thanks 426 it's the habits

i was sleeping ض1

[..iris..]

respiratory causes of Dyspnea ::
1/ Airway diseases ::-
(( compatable ))
c ...........................................-> cystic fibrosis
o ................-> obstruction & stenosis of trachea
m ...........................-> malacia = tracheomalacia
p .........................-> palsy = bilateral cord palsy
a ...................................................-> asthma
t...........................-> tumor of larynx or pharynx
a .......................-> arthritis = cricoarytenoid RA
b .........................................-> bronchiectasis
l ......................................-> chronic bronchitis
e .............................................-> emphysema


2/ parenchymal diseases ::-
(( is compatable ))
i ...................................-> infection diffused
s ...........................................-> sarcoidosis

c ......................-> coniosis = pneumoconiosis
o ...........................-> oblitrative bronchiolitis
p ...........................................-> pneumonia
a ...................................-> allergic alveolitis
t ..........................-> thorax = pneumothorax
a ..................................................-> ARDS
b ...............................................-> fibrosis
l , e ..........................................-> nothing


3/ pulmonary circulation ::-
(( meah ))
m .....................................................................-> malformation
e .........................................................-> embolism (pulmonary)l
a ...........................................................-> arteritis (pulmonary)l
h ...................-> hypertension = ch. thromboembolic pulmonary HTN


4/ chest wall & pleura ::-
(( n pleura ))
n .............................................-> neuromuscular dis
p ...........-> paralysis = bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
l ..................................................-> kyphoscoliosis
e ...................................-> effusion , massive ascitis
u ................................................-> tumor of pleura
r ......................................................-> rib fraction
a.........................................-> ankylosing spondylitis

[FireSoul]

الدخان ..
associated with 5 cancers

خذها بالترتيب
oropharyngial
larynx
lung cancer
-_- نسيت اللي هنا .. امممم تذكرتها .. ال blood cancers لوكيميا و ليمفوما
Transetional cell cacenoma

لو ماني غلطان ... على النت لقيت اكثر .. لكن هذا كان كلام الدكتور في السيشون
بالعربي .. اهميه السؤال عن التدخين تزيد .. لو المشكله في المناطق هذي

و اعرف انه لو ما سألت عن التدخين في ال Urology ... some consider it a fatal mistake

[..iris..]

All lung disease deviate the trachea to the opposite side (away) except fibrosis and collapse.


Causes of dullness over the lung bases:
(( PP CC R ))
p......................…>.pleural effusion.
p...................…>.pleural thickening.
c.........................…>.consolidation.
c................…>.collapse of the lung.
r.............…>.raised hemi diaphragm.

[426]

DO NOT give attenuated vaccine to immunocompromized patient

^^^^^^

هذي خلاصة محاضرة اليوم ..

[426]

Osteoarthritis = during mOvement

Rematoid arthritis = during Rest

[426]

plueral effusion occur due to RT heart failure

the most diagnostic method for heart failure is ECHO..
^^^^^^^^^

هذي أكّد لي الدكتور الشميري أنه وضعها ضمن أسئلته ..

[Dr.Safety]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته


اووووووه يشرفني مره اني ادخل ضمن هل مجموعه وأشارك بهل الموضوع

ماشاء الله اختي ايرس تجميعاتك مره حلوه

فيصل مايحتاج كلام عليك

لا شكر على واجب جاري العزيز واشكرك الف الشكر على المعلومات اللي نزلته

اشكر بلو على معلوماته

ماكثر كلام وابدا في مشاركاتي

Rheumatology
Monoarticular there is nO TRICk

o=osteoarthrosis
T=trauma
R=rheumatoid arthritis " it can be also poly"
I=inflammation
C=Crystal as in gout


Pulmonary veins drain to the left atrium whereas the plural veins to the right atrium with the systemic veins SO RIGHT HART FAILURE WILL CAUSE PLEURAL EFFUSION AS 426 MENTIONED ABOVE



Pulmonary embolism "PE"
V/Q scan
-ve = no PE
+ve = many causes " non specific"
"the test is sensitive but not specific"

Pulmonary hypertension
Doesn't occur in reversible diseases such as asthma and pneumonia

وفيه موضوع acute, chronic pancretits
هو مانشرح للقروب B والظاهر حتى قروب C
فيه نقاط قالها الدكتور وللاسف مناقضه للكتاب
انا حاولت اشوف الدكتور واتئكد زياده " زود وساس" بحيث اني انزلها وانا مرتاح
على العموم اذا مالقيته بنسق مع Med group بحيث تنزل

بالتوفيق لجميع احبتي
وكل عام وانتم بخير
اخوكم
محمد

[426]

plueral effusion occur due to RT heart failure

pulmonary oedema occur due to LT heart failure

[..iris..]

* Raynaude's phenomenon = wbr وبر
white .....-> blue .....-> red
pain in red stage
^^^

شكرا للي علمتني ياها :)

----------

3nde " PHCRA " 3n 2sbab Raynaude's phenomenon
P ...........................-> Poisons = drugs
H ............................-> Haematological
C .............-> Connentive tissue disease
R .....................................-> Reflexes
A ...........................-> Arterial disease

[Dr.Safety]

The general appearance in the physical examination

A B C D E
A= appearance . 1- conscious/unconscious 2-well oriented of three "space, place and person" 3-well/ill
B=build. Obese/normal weight / thin " hint: obese or thin should be judge by BMI"
C=color. Jaundice / cyanosed / pallor
Hint: you have to mention the negativity of those i.e. the patient is not jaundiced, cyanosed or pallor
D=distress. Respiratory distress by using the accessory muscles "strap, sterno , serratus anterior "
E=environment. Nasogastric tube, I.V cannula" not connected to fluid" I.V line " connected to fluid" you have to mention the type of fluid as it written in the fluid bag
Oxygen mask or oxygen cannula


الف شكر لحبيبنا الدكتور بندر

يارب انك توفقه بدنيا واخره

[426]

The most common cause of LT heart failure is coronary heart disease.

The most frequent cause of RT heart failure is secondary to LT heart failure.

[..iris..]

in rheumatological Ex u look for " vesra " in the skin
and there is one of the " C.I.A " in a worm swollen joint

v ................-> vasculitis
e ................-> erythema
s .......................-> scar
r .......................-> rash
a ..................-> atrophy


C ...........-> Crystal arthritis ( gout)l
I ....................-> Infection (staph)l
A ......................-> Active synovitis

[..iris..]

signs of chronicity in rheumatological diseases :
(( ABCD ))

atrophy of skin
bulk of ms. (ms. wasting)l
crepitus
deformity

[..iris..]

* the most common tendon ruptures are of the extensors of the 4th and 5th fingers.


sites of subcutaneous nodules ::
(( palpate ))

p .............-> pressure areas in hands or feet
a .....................................-> arthritis = RA
l ..................................................-> lung
p ..............................................-> pleura
a ..........................-> aaaaaa = vocal cords
t ................-> tendon = attached to tendon
e .......................................-> myocardium

ال e & a باين انهم مصرفين
فلو لقيتو شي احسن فيدونا افادكم الله
ض1

بالتوفيق

[FireSoul]

^^^
ممكن لو نعكسها .. و نستفيد من الحروف البارزه شويه

A = Ankel Tendon
T = touhmaToid Artharitis

[..iris..]

فاير

انا عم بحكي عن

e .......................................-> myocardium
a ..........................-> aaaaaa = vocal cords

فااا
ما بعرف انت إيش قصدك ؟؟

[426]

The pneumonia and asthma CAN NOT cause pulmonary hypertension because :

asthma = reversible
pneumonia = not chronic

[..iris..]

causes of orthopnoea ::
(( pnoea ))

p ............................................-> pregnancy
n ...........................................-> pneumonia
o ...............-> bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
e ...........................-> effusion (large pleural)l
a ......................................-> ascitis ( huge)l


^^^^
وكالعادة
لازم اتورط بحرف او اثنين
مشووها

[Dr.Safety]

causes of palmar erythema
P A L mar eryTHema

P=pregnency,polycythaemia
A=arthritis
L=Liver diseases,leukaemia
TH=thyrotoxicosis

طھط±ط§ظ†ظٹ ظ…ط±ظ‡ ظ…ط³طھط§ظ†ط³ ط¹ظ„ظ‰ طھط¬ظ…ط¹ظٹطھظٹ طµظپظ‚ظˆ ظ„ظٹ طھظƒظپظˆظ† (-:

[..iris..]

DDx of asthma ::
(( asthmatic ))
ابدأوها بالعكس احسن

c ........................................................-> COPD
i ..............................-> inhalation of foreign body
t............................ .................-> bronchiactasis
a ..................-> allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis
m .......................-> mass = laryngeotracheal mass
h .....................................................-> hysteria
t ......................................-> vocal cord paralysis ض1
s ..............................-> Shurg - strauss syndrome
a ................................................-> angioedema



complications of asthma ::
(( APCDEF ))


a ..........................-> airway infections
p ..............................-> pneumothorax
c ................................-> cor palmonal
d .................................-> dehydration
e ....................................-> exhustion
f .......................-> failure of respiration

[..iris..]

بعتذر
في خطأ

s ..............................-> Shurg - strauss syndrome

هالمرض يبدأ بحرف ال C مو ال S
وبالتالي
......

[pink orchid]

cyanosed & warm hands............COPD

cyanosed & cold hands.....heart failure

macleod's page 48

[FireSoul]

دحين جاء وقت الموضوع هذا .....:)

[426]

lipid disorders are important risk factor for ALL types of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ASCVD

[creative]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ..
أتمنى من الله القدير أن يمكننا من المديسن خير تمكين ..
مشاركتي عبر عن ملف يحوي بعض النقاط التي تخص CVS
اتمنى أن يكون ذا فائدة للجميع ..
بالتوفيق ..
ولاتنسونا من الدعاء :)

[د. يوسف]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

جزاكم الله كل خير وأخص بذلك صاحبة الموضوع الأخت/ iris

وكل من شارك فيه بفائدة أو سيشارك

تم تثبيت الموضوع لفترة الاختبار

وفقنا الله وإياكم

أخوكم/ أبو عمر

على الخدمة/ كن نافعاً يا صاحبي *** واترك معانقة الكسل

[صـ هيل]

In hypoxaemia with a normal/near normal chest X-ray, always consider the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

[dr_in_ksu]

دفعتي الرائعة ..
الله يوفقنا جميعا و يفتحها علينا فتوح العارفين و ييسر لنا كل أمورنا و يسهل علينا ال medicine يا رب و يتمم لنا الاختبارات على خير و نجيب اعلى العلامات ..
بس حبيت اقولكم انو كل ماشفت احد سواء كان اكبر منا بسنة او خمسه سنين و قلت له عندي اختبار medicine, يقولي تراهم يحبوا يجيبوا اسئلة عن الschistosomiasis , فادرسوها زين ..

موفقين باذن الله

[FireSoul]

a normal exercise test ( some call it stress test) doesn't exclude Cronarry artery disease

( false negative)

[creative]

GOOD LUCK 4 ALL :)

[د/متأملة]

مُرفــــق:

Herpes Viruses in Table
Valvular Diseases in Table
Medicine Final Exam 2005

كل الشكر و التقدير و العرفان لـ د. ريم ... Leader of the 4th year

:nod:

[426]

صفحة 247 من كتاب ليبنكوت (فارما) - الطبعة الثالثة .. مهمة جدا لمذكرة hyperlipidemia ...

========================

الجدول الموجود بالصفحة الخامسة من مذكرة angina pectoris ..

========================

The most common viral myocarditis is : Coxsackievirus

[FireSoul]

Q. True or False:
- Diffusion abnormality is considered the most common cause of hypoxia. F
- Dead space ventilation decreases when blood flow is reduced. F
- Shunt occurs when areas of lung are perfused but not ventilated. T
- In myasthenia gravis mechanism of hypoxia may be due to alveoli being
perfused but not ventilated. T
- Arterial hypoxemia may be caused by alveolar hypoventilation alone. T
- The distinction between ventilation/perfusion mismatch and intrapulmonary
shunting can be made by measuring the response to the administration of
100% oxygen. T
- There is a good relationship between dyspnea and arterial hypoxemia but a
poor relationship between dyspnea and arterial carbon dioxide retention. F
- Which of the following statements regarding the physical examination for
patients with acute respiratory failure are true or false?
» Central nervous examination is important. T
» Breath sounds are commonly diminished. F
» Supraclavicular and intercostal space muscle retractions do not correlate
with increased work of breathing. F

ابصم بال 20 اصبع .. جاي منها
و هي نفسها اللي في مذكره ال respiratory failur

[..iris..]

بموضوع ال heart investigations
د. كردي نبه على كم نقطة انهم مهمين

* exercise treadmill test indications

* SPECT indications وهي ما عرفت وينها بالملزمة

* indications for radionuclide

* cardiac markers

[الهلوكوست]

The following risk factors are associated with Myochardial Ischemia:

* Dyslipidemia

* Hypertension

* Diabetes mellitus

* Cigarette smoking

* Menopause

* Hyperhomocystinemia

* Aging

* Family history of coronary artery disease (CAD)

* Mutations in the enzyme nitric oxide synthetase (NOS)

[dr.a1a1a1]

اول شي الله يوفق الجميع في الاختبار الجاي
ثاني شي هذي امثلة لاسئلة الاختبار العام الماضي مجمعه من بعض الطلاب بعد الاختبار
والفكرة عشان نعرف وشلون يكتبون الاسئلة اتمنى انها تفيدكم



ارجو الدعاء من الجميع بالتوفيق دنيا واخرة

[د. يوسف]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

جزاك الله خيراً أخي/ـتي الكريم/ـة وكتب الله لك الأجر ووفقك في دنياك وآخرتك

تم دمج الموضوعين معاً حتى لا يتشتت الطلبة

شكراً لك مرة أخرى

أعاننا الله ووفقنا

أخوكم/ أبو عمر

على الخدمة/ زينةُ المرء إتّباعهُ الهدى *** وثباتهُ إذا طال المدى

[FireSoul]

مشكور اخوي/اختي الفاضل/ه

[dr.a1a1a1]

تجميعات في ال viral hepatitis
وبالتوفيق للجميع.

[د. يوسف]

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

an acute disease that produces fever and nerve inflammation resulting in
bilateral weakness or paralysis, most commonly in the legs and feet

[Al-Kanhal]

الله يجزاكم خير جميعا شباب و بنات..

بس ودي اقول نصيحة على الطاير
في جدول رهييييييييييييب ، يسهل حفظ الـ investigations في الـ infectious diseases
الجدول موجود في كتاب كومار الكبير
Box 2.2 - page 27

تحياتي..:)

[..iris..]

^^^
طيب
ما في مجال حدا يحطلنا ياه هنا ؟؟
والله يجزيه الف خير

[د. يوسف]

في ملزمة موضوع الـPneumonia

نقطة ركز الدكتور عليها في المحاضرة وقال بأنها تنفع موضع سؤال

Patient Not Responding to Treatment
• Suppurative complication
 lung abscess, pleural empyema, obstructed bronchus• Resistant organism
• Patient not receiving treatment
 non-compliance, enteral drug not absorbed, staff error• Alternative infection source or diagnosis
• Drug fever

[د. يوسف]

iris

قومي بتحميل الجدول من المرفقات

:)

[creative]

THanx every 1 :)

[creative]

so take it now .. i coud not put it dirctly here ...

[Dr.Safety]

مشكوووووووووووووورين على المعلوماااااااااات


يعطيكم العافيه


اخوي كرييتف

اشكرك على اللي نزلته ونوته بسيطه بس


the most common cancer is the metstesis one
the most common primary cancer in saudian men is HCC

the horman related tumour is adenoma

HCC occure in a pre-exicted cirrhosis excpet HBV which can cause HCC DIRECTLY without underlying cirrhosis

The tumour that appear by vein enhancement is Heamangioma
The tumour that appear by arterial enhancement is Adenoma as well as HCC

we don't do FNA in heamangioma, simply becuase it will cause bleeding



Q- what is the key clinical feature that differentiate between Fulminant Hepatitis and acute hepatitis ?


بالتووووووووووووووووووووووووووووفيق للجميع

اخووووووووووكم

[FireSoul]

شباب

اللي اشتغل من بوكيت كومار .. و حس بعد فتره .. انه .. راح ياكلها

و ما مسك ولا مذكره ... ؟؟

إيش المذكرات اللي It's a must to read ... علشان ما ياكل صابونه:heartbrea

[د. يوسف]

تم تنزيل الأسئلة التي وضعت هنا

بالإضافة إلى أسئلة أخرى من اختبار العام الماضي

رقم الملزمة 171

[..iris..]

من محاضرة الد. المبيريك pulm. HTN

some differences b/w systemic ( S ) and pulmonary (P) circulations ::

1. S is a pumping circ.................-> needs high pressure
P is a recieving (passive) circ.................-> low pressure

2. S arterioles controled by symp & parasymp
P by O2 conc.


* normal pulm a. pressure = 30 mmhg

* nl. K+ level = 3 - 5

* the more common HTN type ::
S .......-> 1ry
P ........-> 2ry


* PE is a v. imp. cause of pulm HTN
so , u have to do pulm angiogram to rool it out


*في شي غريب حكاه الد. بالمحاضرة عن الاي سي جي
رح اكتبه لحتى بيكون مر عليكم عالاقل

nl. axis = -30 -> 90 <<<<<<<انتبهو للاشارات ال30 سالب وال90 موجب
Rt axis deviation .......-> more than 100
voltage criteria for RVH :
V1 + V6 ............-> more than 10.5

* homograft = from a cadaver

[صـ هيل]

Q- what is the key clinical feature that differentiate between Fulminant Hepatitis and acute hepatitis ?

حسب ماقرأت هي الـ
conscious level

تكون normal في الـ hepatitis لكن تتأثر في Fulminant Hepatitis

[dr.a1a1a1]

dr.safety
fulminant liver failure describes the progression from normal liver function to liver failure , i.e.hepatic encephalopathy within 8 weeks

اتمنى اني افدتك

دعواتكم وبالتوفيق للجميع

[Dr.Safety]

صهيــــــــــــــل:thumbsup:


طيب سؤال ثاني


امممممممممممم


the following can cause pulmonary HTN
True or false

PE
asthma
pnemonia
COPD
mitral stenosis

[صـ هيل]

http://smilies.sofrayt.com/^/aiw/biggrin.gif
عسى ذا السنع يطلع على الورق.. ما احوق زي عوايدي

نجرب سؤالك الثاني
ممممم

PE..............T
asthma...........F
pnemonia.............F
COPD............T
mitral stenosis...............T !!

بشر؟

[Dr.Safety]

صهيل للمره الثانيه :thumbsup:

يالله بالتوووووووووووووووووفيق الجميع

[..iris..]

^^^^
اعتقد صح عليكي
وحتى MR بيعملها


**ما تنسوا
may be , can be are u'r best friends in the exam
لو كنتو شاكين بالجملة صح او خطأ وشفتو وحدة منهم على طوووووووووووول ....-> صح
^^^
الد. عصام الحمد


*فايرسوووول
والله كان بودي اساعد
بس مشكلتي بشوف كل شي مهم
= ما رح تستفيد

بالتوفيق للجميع

[FireSoul]

dr.safety
fulminant liver failure describes the progression from normal liver function to liver failure , i.e.hepatic encephalopathy within 8 weeks

اتمنى اني افدتك

دعواتكم وبالتوفيق للجميع
sorry but it is less than 2 weeks

pocket kumar page 130


Iris
:) thanks

[pace maker]

السلاااااااااااااام
مشكوووووووورين جميعلا على المراجعات الحلوه
الله يوفق الجميع

بس بغيت اضيف اشياء ركز عليها د.حاتم المبارك في محاضرته INVESTIGATION OF LUNG DISEASاكيد الكثير ساحب عليها يمكن هالمعلومتين اللي ركز عليها هي السؤال اللي بيجيبه في الاختبار
*P/V MISMATCH>>>>>>>>>>mostly perfusion is most effect especially in pulmonary embolism caused by vein obstruction

*Pistron Emission Tomography }}}}}}}}}}to detect the malignant tumor }}}}}}higlight the tissue wich used glucose alot (BRAIN

*Alpha_1_antitrypsin increased in }}} emphysema
وبالتوفيق للجميع

[FireSoul]

مشاركه من عضو .. عنده مشكله في الدخول للمنتدى
اسئله كتبها هو من المحاضره مع الإجابه شكرا له ... الأخ nothing

1- In subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis there is

diffuse crackles (by auscultation)

2- In hypersensitivity pneumonitis there is

bilateral infiltration

3- Early chest x- ray In hypersensitivity pneumonitis

normal chest x - ray

4-chest x- ray in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

diffuse interstitial fibrosis

5- Classic PFT( Pulmonary function test) finding in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

restrictive pattern

6- Main respiratory disability in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

pulmonary fibrosis

7- least likely age to get IPF(Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) is

30 y (bez in minor criteria age has to be above 50)

8-two third of IPF(Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) cases have

digital clubbing

9- percentage to have pleural effusion in IPF(Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) is

0 %( IPF don not case pleural effusion )

10-PFT( Pulmonary function test) IN IPF(Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) is

decrease TLC (totall lung capacity)

11- Main case of death in IPF(Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) is

respiratory failure

[..iris..]

pacemaker

Alpha_1_antitrypsin increased in }}} emphysema

deficient enz rather than ^es

[د. يوسف]

ادخلوا هذا الموضوع

http://ksums.com/forum/showthread.php?p=53286#post53286

رد رقم 18

[..iris..]

the commenst drug used for treating leishmaniasis Pentostam

[426]

^^^^^^^^^^^^

جميل و لاننسى ... دافيدسون يقول : أنه في السعودية بيستخدموا الفلوكساسن كمان للشمانيا !!!!

[creative]

CVS
Valvular diseases:
The most common cause of Valvular dis is: Rheumatic Fever
Thromboemolism is highly w/ mitral stenosis while infective endocarditis
is highly w/ mitral regurgitation
The most common cause of atrial fibrillation is : mitral valve dis
JVP Gaint –a- wave in: MATS= MS ,AS & TS
JVP large –v- wave  TR
JVP normal  MAR  MR & AR
Collapsing pulse  AR
Plateau pulse  MAS MS & AS
Displaced apex beats  MAR MR & AR
Wide pulse pressure  w/ Valvular regurgitation
Small pulse pressure  w/ Valvular stenosis
Corrigan's sign  prominent carotid pulsation  AR
Opening snap MS
Ejection click (pistol shot ) AR

[creative]

Infective Endocarditis:
MSR coagulase –ve staph ( S.epidermidis ) >> during the 1st yr after prosthetic valve-
-Mycelial fungi EI in>> immunocompermised pts
-EI w/ drug abuse >> 80% affect the TRICUSPED valve >>RT sided EI>>septic multiple pulmonary emboli & peripheral emboli
-emboli that occlude large peripheral vessels >>Fungal endocarditis
-Dukes criteria :
Major : 1-+ve blood culture 2- +ve ECO or new murmur of regerg
Minor : 1- predisposing factors 2- fever >38C
3-vascular phenomena 4- immunologic
5- microbiologic 6 –ECO
-DXblood culture remain the main single most important diagnostic tools
-TX indications 4 surgery :
Absolute : 1-CHF due 2 valve dysfunctions
2- uncontrolled infections (bacteremia ,fungal …)
3-relapse after TX
4-heart block
5- recurrent syst. Embolization
Relative :
Preivalvular extension of infections
S.aures EI
Large vegetations >10

[creative]

Heart failure :
The most common cause of CCH >>LHF
The most common cause of LHF >>CAD
The most common cause of RHF >>LHF
The most common cause of sudden death >> arrhythmia
The most DX tool >>ECO
RT Pleural effusion caused by >>RHF
LT Pleural effusion  other cause than HF it could be malignancy
Pulmonary oedema caused by >>LHF
↓systolic function of the LV >>↓EF
Normal EF =,55 if it's <,55 it could be abnormal
Symptoms : (fatigue ,SOB,PND,orthopnea ,LL oedema ,acites ,
RUQ pain ,jaundice ,cachexia )
Signs : S3 =poor prognosis HF except : young ppl & pregnant women
Cryptiations ,RT pleural effusions ,LL oedema & acites ,high JVP tender hepatomegaly ,anaemia & sudden death>

[zeez]

Creative

الله يجزاك الجنة :)

فعلا تستاهلي درجه عاليه .. جهد جبااااار .. جزاك الله خير ..

وبالتوفيق لك و للجميييييع..

[M O N A M I]

الله يجزاكم خير جميعا
ويفتحها عليكم ويوفقكم يااااااااااااااارب

[إيبي]

جزاكم الله خيرا على المعلومات ديه

أنا نفسي أشارك بحاجه تبقى زي المشاركات الجامده ديه بس هوه ده اللي قدرت أشارك بيه

يارب يعجبكم

موقع شامل تجد فيه كل الاختصارات الطبية ...


http://www.globalrph.com/abbrev.htm

[..iris..]

coagulation problem -------> haemarthrosis, muscular haematoma

platelet problem --------> skin, mucous membrane bleeding

[FireSoul]

they love this



SLE: A RASH POINts MD.Arthritis Renal disease (proteinuria, cellular casts) ANA (positive antinuclear antibody) Serositis (pleurisy or pericarditis) H aematological disorders (haemolytic anaemia or leucopenia or lymphopenia or thrombocytopenia) Photosensitivity Oral ulcers I mmunological disorder (positive LE cell, anti-DNA, anti-Sm, false positive serological test for syphilis) N eurological disorders (seizures or psychosis, in the absence of other causes) Malar rash Discoid rash


any 4 in the same time or serially is enough

[الدوتشي]

دعوة عاجلة لإحياء الموضوع بمناسبة قرب الإختبارات

[Dr.Safety]

Cluster headache " Migrenous neurologia"
The Disease of Ss
Severe, short duration "30-60 min", single site " unilateral eye " secretions " nasal congestion and lacrimation", simulating horrner syndrome, smoking and spirit drink association,
Treatment
Attack: Sumtriptan, saturated O2 100%
Prophylaxis : sergide , steroids

[..iris..]

in Cushing's disease ::

normal levels of serum cortisol after TSS (transsphenoidal surgery) may indicate a surgical failure.

.

[Dr.Safety]

in cushing sydrome the patient is obese
but if the patient has cuhinoid features and he is cashexic, think about underlying tumour which cause the secretion of ACTH and catabolise the patient

[creative]

Hypercalcemia: causes
GRIM FED:
Granulomas (sarcoid, TB),
Renal faliure
Immobility (esp. long term)
Malignancy
Familial (eg familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia)
Endocrine (see below for subtypes)
Drugs (esp. thiazide diuretics, lithium)
• Endocrine causes are PATH:
Phaeochromocytoma
Addison's disease
Thyrotoxicosis
Hyperparathyroidism


Hypercalcemia: differential
VITAMIN TRAPS:
Vitamin A and D intoxication
Immobilization
Thyrotoxicosis
Addison's disease/ Acidosis
Milk-alkali syndrome
Inflammatory disorders
Neoplastic disease
Thiazides, other drugs
Rhabdomyolysis
AIDS
Paget's disease/ Parenteral nutrition/ Parathyroid disease
Sarcoidosis


Acromegaly symptoms
ABCDEF:
Arthralgia/ Arthritis
Blood pressure raised
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Diabetes
Enlargemed organs
Field defect

Carcinoid syndrome: features
FACADE:
Flushing
Asthma
Cor pulmonale
Ascites
Diarrhoea
Endocardial fibrosis


Hypoglycaemia: causes
"How to EXPLAIN hypoglycemia":
EXogenous drugs (insulin, oral hypoglycemics, alcohol, pentamidine, quinine, quinolones)
Pituitary insufficency (no GH or cortisol)
Liver failure (no glycogen stores)
Adrenal failure (no cortisol)
Insulinomas/ Immune hypoglycemia
Non-pancreatic neoplasms (retroperitoneal sarcoma)

Hypernatremia: causes
6 D's:
Diuretics
Dehydration
Diabetes insipidus
Docs (iatrogenic)
Diarrhea
Disease: kidney, sickle cell, etc


best wishes
creative :nod:

[..iris..]

in Dementia ..

what r areas of cognitive decline that should be evaluated in suspected dementia ??
" Listen, Read & Practice To Master A Job "

L ................................................-> language
R .................................-> recognition of vision
P ....................................................-> praxis
T .....................-> thindking (abstract thinking)l
M .................................................-> memory
A .................-> abilities (constructional abilities)l
J ................................................-> judgment

[محب الكل]

MI: post-MI complications
ACT RAPID:
Arrhythmias (SVT, VT, VF)
Congestive cardiac failure
Tamponade/ Thromboembolic disorders
Rupture (ventricle, septum, papillary muscle)
Aneurysm (ventricle)
Pericarditis
Infaction (a second one)
Death/ Dressler's syndrome





Deep venous thrombosis: diagnosis
DVT:
Dilated superficial veins/ Discoloration/ Doppler ultrasound
Venography is gold standard
Tenderness of Thigh and calf






MI: complications
HAS CRAPPED:
Heart failure/ Hypertension
Arrhythmia
Shock
Cardiac Rupture
Aneurysm
Pericarditis
Pulmonary Emboli
DVT






Heart failure causes
"HEART MAy DIE":
Hypertension
Embolism
Anemia
Rheumatic heart disease
Thyrotoxicosis (incl. pregnancy)
Myocardial infarct
Arrythmia
Y
Diet & lifestyle
Infection
Endocarditis






Cardiovascular risk factors (Framingham)
FRAMINGHAM:
Family history
Running (exercise)
Adiposity (obesity)
Marlboros (tobacco)
Insulin resistance (diabetes)
Non-regulated lipids (dyslipidaemia)
Georgie Pie (high fat diet)
Hypertension
Age
Male

[FireSoul]

^ ^ ^ These Ar gold Thanks ^ ^ ^

[..iris..]

classification criteria of SLE

(( SOAP BRAIN MD )) ....................<< من الكتاب
(( ABDOMIN SPAR )) .....................<< من عندي

A ............................-> Arthritis
B ...............................-> Blood
D ......................-> Discoid rash
O ........................-> Oral ulcers
M ........................-> Malar rash
I ......................-> Immunologic
N ........................-> Neurologic

S ........................-> Serositis
P ...................-> Photophobia
A ..............................-> ANA
R ............................-> Renal

[Dr.Safety]

السلااااااااااام عليكم

قبل مابدا اللي عندي

احبك اشكركم على مشاركاتكم افدتونا يعطيكم العافية

خاصة مشاركات كرييتف

تجميعاتك رررهيبة الله يعطيك العافية

واخوي محب الله يوفقك وينك من اول السنه:hug:

وايريس شكرا على مشاركاتك وموضوعك الله يوفقك

طيب اللي عندي لها سالفه اصلا ماطول عليكم

aetiology of transverse myelitis

Majed is very aggressive humane
Multiple sclerosis
Idiopathic
Vasculitis
Autoimmune
HIV

السالفه هي اخونا في الله ماجد "" كاعدته "" جا يبي يطق ظهر خوينا لعله من زود نعومته سوا امبلايكل هرنيشين بس نوع جديد , الساك حقت الهرنيا صار فيها الفرتبرل بودي ومعها سباينل كورد مقطووع :heartbrea
ومنها جت السالفه

<<<<<< ضحية ماجد بكرا اذا شاف الرد:boogie:

[426]

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

هذي التجميعات وإلا بلااااااااااااااااااااااااااااش ض1ض1ض1ض1ض1

[Dr.Safety]

Symptoms of Hyperparathyrodism
Stones bones groans and psychological moans
Stones "Renal stones and nephrocalcenosis---} renal failure
Bones "osteopenia---} tender bones , bone fracture and psudogout
Groans "constipations peptic ulcer pancretitis and N/V
Psychological moans " psychosis ,convulsion and depression

[محب الكل]

Pyrexia of Unknown Origin: history taking

SIT ON FRAD:

Sexual history
Immunisation status
Travel history
Occupational history
Nutrition (consumption of dairy products, etc.)
Family history
Recreational habits
Animal contacts (including ticks and other vectors)
Drug history

[FireSoul]

دخلت ويكي بيديا .. طلع الراجل مو سهل .. فحص و حركااات

لقيت هذي



General appearance
Obvious apparent features as the patient enters the consulting room and in the course of taking the history (e.g. mobility problem or deafness)

JACCOL, a mnemonic for Jaundice, suggestion of Anaemia (pale colour of skin or conjunctiva), Cyanosis (blue coloration of lips or extremities), Clubbing of fingernails, Oedema of ankles, Lymph nodes of neck, armpits, groins.


شباب لو فتحطوا ترى في Heart Sounds و حركات .. لو تبغوا تراجعوا و نفس الوقت تغيروا جو الكتاب :)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_examination

[426]

== sever encephalitis is most commonly caused by :
a- HSV-1
b- Coxsackie virus
c- Mumps virus
d- CMV

== according to cerebral abscess , all the following are true except :
a- may follow the direct spread of organism from skull fracture .
b- the patient presented with fever and seizure .
c- the most common organism causes cerebral abscess is streptococci .
d- lumbar puncture is performed to diagnose it .

== all about neurosyphilis are true except :
a- +ve CSF serology without symptoms or signs means asymptomatic neurosyphilis :
b- Demyelination of dorsal roots is called tabes dorsalis .
c- Progressive dementia occurs in general paralysis of insane .
d- Decreased intracranial pressure occurs in meningovascular syphilis .


















ANSWERS :
a
d
d

:)

[Dr.Safety]

Wegner's granulomatosis
Is like a CANCER
It can kill the patient within 6 months
The manifestation
CANCER
Cutenous
Air way diseases/arthritis/arthralgia
Neuropathy/nasopharyx ulceration/ nose saddling
C-ANA important
Eye exopthalmus/ episcleritis
Renal involvment

[426]

== the most common cause of meningitis in elderly is:
a- Neisseria meningitides.
b- Subarachnoid haemorrhage .
c- Mycobacterium tuberculosis .
d- Strept. pneumoniae .

== regarding to parathyroid glands , all the following are true except :
a- hypercalcemia is the usually result of hyperparathyroidism .
b- 60% of plasma calcium is bound to albumin .
c- Primary hyperparathyroidism is a physiological response to hypocalcemia .
d- Calcium level > 3.5 mmol/L is a medical emergency .

== the most common cause of hypocalcemia is:
a- acute renal failure .
b- chronic renal failure .
c- acute pancreatitis .
d- post-parathyroidectomy .







ANSWERS :
d
c
b
:)

[Dr.Safety]

If you encounter a history of altered conscious
Don't loss you conscious and just analysis the word conscious
C=cardiac arrythemia ask about palpation before the attack
Overdose of insulin
Narcolepsy
Seizure syncope
Cough sycope
Ischemia TIA
Overventilation " psychotic"
Up from lying " postural hypotension
Scare " panic psychosis"

[426]

== about UTIs , all are true except :
a- urethral syndrome presents with dysuria, frequency and bacteriuria.
b- Common in women because of shortness of urethra and proximity to anus.
c- Cystitis may be caused by urinary stasis.
d- Diagnosis depends on finding > 100000 of the same organism /ml in MSU.

== regarding to diabetic kidney , all are true except :
a- kidney may be damaged by ascending UTIs.
b- ACE inhibitors are the treatment of choice .
c- Screen of microalbuminuria is the most important factor to reduce disease progression .
d- The earliest evidence of glumerular damage is microalbuminuria.

== concerning to complications of DM, all are true except :
a- foot problems are major cause of mortality in diabetic patient .
b- diabetic kidney is a common cause of DKA.
c- TB is more common in diabetic individuals.
d- Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is unusual complication of DM.







ANSWERS :
a
c
b
:)

[426]

== concerning to complications of DM, all are true except :
a- cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death in patient over 50 .
b- microvascular disease is specific to DM.
c- maculopaty is the earliest feature of retinopathy .
d- pre-proliferative retinopathy is characterized by cotton-wool spots .

== regarding to SLE , all the following are true except :
a- it is the second most common of connective tissue disorders.
b- Most of visceral lesions are mediated by vascular immune complex deposition.
c- Most clinical features are due to the consequences of vasculitis .
d- Skin involvement may be the only feature presented .

== on infective arthritis, all are true except :
a- septic arthritis is most commonly affected by streptococci.
b- Tuberculous arthritis is caused by haematogenous spread from pulmonary or renal disease.
c- Meningococcal arthritis is not associated with joint destruction .
d- Gonococcal arthritis is often asymptomatic.








ANSWERS :
c
a
a
:)

[Dr.Safety]

The Extra articular manifestaiion of rheumatoid arthritis are in the word Rheumatoid
Reticuloendothelial system----lymphoadenopathy, falty's syndrome

Heart-----pericarditis

Eyes----sjogren's syndrome, scleritis, scleromalcia perforans

Urology-----amylodosis, nephropathy

Mind" neuro"----atlantoaxial dislocation, cord compression, carpal tunnel syndrome, Periphralneuropathy, mononuritis multiplex

Arteritis "vascultitis"

Trachea  " pulmonary" ---plural effusion, rhumatiod nodule, small air ways disease, caplan syndrome, fibrosing alveolitis

Oedema

Iatrogenic side effect---steroid "Wight gain, NSID bleeding and peptic ulcer"

D )' دم " شكوى لله عجزت ارقعها "
Haematolgical manifestion " anemia " note even so the pt will have palmer erythema for reason I couldn't get an answer for it, thrombosytosis

بالتوووووووووووفيق

ودعوا لي اختباري يوم الثلثاء الجاي

[Dr.Safety]

صباح الخير دفعة 24

اسمحي لي اختي كرييتف ودي اضيف على تجميعتك شوي

Acromegaly symptoms
ABCDEFGH:
Arthralgia/ Arthritis
Blood pressure raised
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Diabetes
Enlargemed organs
Field defect
Gland hypertrophy " sweating"0
Headache

[creative]

:) Gmorning 4 all :)
thanx dr. safty .. it's really perfect :nod:

:) now ,, read the following formulas

Alkalosis: metabolic changes in alkalosis
"Al-K-loss, Al-Ca-loss":
There is loss of K+ (hypokalemia) and Ca++ (hypocalcemia) in state of alkalosis.

SIADH: diagnostic sign
Syndrome of INAPPropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone:
Increased
Na (sodium)
PP (urine)
• SIADH is characterized by increased urinary sodium.

SIADH: major signs and symptoms
SIADH:
Spasms
Isn't any pitting edema (key DDx)
Anorexia
Disorientation (and other psychoses)
Hyponatremia

SIADH: causes
SIADH:
Surgery
Intracranial: infection, head injury, CVA
Alveolar: Ca, pus
Drugs: opiates,antiepileptics, cytotoxics, anti-psychotics
Hormonal: hypothyroid, low corticosteroid level

Dialysis indications
HAVE PEE:
Hyperkalemia (refractory)
Acidosis (refractory)
Volume overload
Elevated BUN (> 36 mM)
Pericarditis
Encephalopathy
Edema (pulmonary)

Lymphoma: staging of B-cell CLL (RAI[/B])
LOATh
I: Lymphadenopathy
II: Organomegaly (splenomegaly)
III: Anemia
IV: Thrombocytopenia

[صـ هيل]

الـ acid-base balance + شلة الـ hypo/hyper
من سنة أولى ادرسهم,, اقلب الصفحة وانسى :( ممكن فزعة ؟

[glory]

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله وبركاته ...

هذه بعض المواضيع التي تم التركيز عليها في أسئلة الاختبار النصفي الماضي

أحببت الافادة بها .. مع النقص الواضح فيها ..فلذلك اعتذاري ورجائي لمن لديه المزيد أو التعديل أن يضعه لمصلحة الجميع..





The best modality for diagnosis HF …


the commonest (benign) liver tumor
وقد يكون السؤال عن malignant in KSA


Mitral – tricuspid stenosis ....e.g. causes


Risk factor of HCC


TB <> intestine


Investigation necessary to diagnosis infective endocarditis - الأهم


About COPD e.g. symptoms


Rx of crohn's disease


Antibiotics contraindicated in pregnancy


Hx of obesity الأهم معرفته في


In obesity all true except : BMI / HDL / fertility....


Causes of hypertrophic of the heart : …… all except


Markers of acute hepatitis B


The most common pathogen causes community acquired pneumonia


Definition of fever of unknown origin


Smoking can cause ….. (diseases…) all except


Complication of smoking


Clinical manifestations of (acute/sever ??) asthma


Piptic ulcer من الممكن نراها في الحالات التالية ... عدا : (smoking / ICU….. )


A wave on JVP elevation


Cases : - progressive solid dysphagia …>> ddx

asitis + abdominal pain + fever

ST elevation with 2min Hx of chest pain

أحدهم عمل renal transplant قبل 6 أشهر .. ما المتوقع إصابته من infection



Regarding : HSV / Brosillosis / acute pancriatitis / respiratory failure / PE / plural effusion / HTN / atrial fibrillation





عموماً أغلب الأسئلة كانت عن diagnostic/ clinical features / causes .....


هذا ما وصل من إليه اجتهادي

الرجاء تنبيهي إذا ورد فيما سبق خطأ ..


* ملاحظة هامة جداً ... ما ذكر لا يغني عن ما لم يذكر ... هي فقط للمراجعة الذاتية لبعض المعلومات

[عاشقة تيمون]

^^^

يعطييييييييييييييييك العافيه

وبرضو ازيد عليهم

Rx of malaria

causes of collapsing pulse

increase Na with cough & other symptoms

وكان فيه سؤال عن التشسيتوسوما اتزكر غلطت فيه بس ايش تحديدا ماادري ض1 <= قاهرها

تمام والله ليت اي واحد يتذكر سؤال يحطو

[glory]

^^^^

ذكّرتني ...

complication of schistosomiasis...:)

[سقراط]

فيه أيضا السؤال اللي كان عن brucellosis وأنه لازم يكون must have 1/160 +symptoms to say he has brucellosis

و parrot appearance يعتبر diagnostic إذا شفناه في x-ray

شكرا للجميع على المعلومات الرائعة ...

[صـ هيل]

rapidly progressive GN = Acute renal failure

wegener granulomatosis = GN + vasculitis

goodpasture syndrome = ARF + pulmonary heamorrhage

Bence-Jones protein is the pathological protein which cann't detected by dipsticks

berger's disease has IgA

diabetic nephropathy most common with type 2 DM

[الدوتشي]

diabetic nephropathy most common with type 2 DM

متأكدة...!!

[FireSoul]

^ ^ ^ كل المصايب في type 2 اكثر ...

[الدوتشي]

فاير..

انا راح بالي يعييييد...

قلت ان النفروباثي يصير اكثر مع ال DM T1 لأن كلهم اوتوايميون...

وراح عن بالي ان الكلام عن مدى تأثير الDM نفسه على الكدني..

سوري

[FireSoul]

^ ^ ^عادي عادي التفكير احيانا ينكبك

خاصه في ماده زي هذي :)

[VETO]

صـهيل , الدوتشي , فايرسول

للتوضيح من كتابي العزيز CURRENT /

Patients with type 1 diabetes have a 30–40% chance of having nephropathy after 20 years—in contrast to the much lower frequency in type 2 diabetes patients, in whom only about 15–20% develop clinical renal disease. However, since there are many more individuals affected with type 2 diabetes, end-stage renal disease is much more prevalent in type 2 than in type 1 diabetes in the United States and especially throughout the rest of the world.

تحياتي

[FireSoul]

تعرف ...

السؤال و درجته .. فدى اللي حاطه

[سقراط]

^^^^
هذا هو عين الصواب ،،

أتفق معك 100%

بالتوفيق للجميع ..

وترى الدكتور الزير يقول epiglotitis أهم شيء في respiratory emergencies
هو والـــsleep apena

تمنياتي للجميع بالتوفيق ..

[الدوتشي]

مشكور فيتو... اتضحت اكثر هالحين

[Dr.With Out Name]

معلومة معروفة بس للتذكير

على طاري DM2 ترا كمان مرضاه ما عندهم osteoporosis علشانهم obese

موووووووووفقين

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